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Makale Özeti:
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In this study, it was aimed that the results of the research performed for the purpose of determining the effects of high-intensity interval training model used as one of the training methods in training, exercises and fitness activities on the performance of human organism and several parameters be studied and the spheres of influence of this training model be put forward. When the conducted researches were reviewed, it was ascertained that any sort of exercise had positive effects on the muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems in the human organism. As is also put forth through the conducted studies, human organism maintains the energy required to be able to sustain and actualize all its functions through two ways as aerobic and anaerobic paths. While nutrients (carbohydrates, fat and protein) are burned through oxygen as the energy is being obtained through the aerobic way, the anaerobic energy, on the other hand, is gained when nutrients are burned with very little amount of energy or even none. Walking, trotting, jogging, running and cycling are some of the examples to aerobic exercise, whereas climbing up 10-15 stairs fast and short distance races can be given as examples to anaerobic exercise. Separately, running 100-200-400 metres, swimming 50-100 meters, exercises like weight lifting, and several sports such as football, basketball, handball and tennis are performed by executing anaerobic processes. The energy through the anaerobic way is gained only from carbohydrates, and the time is limited with approximately 2 minutes while promoting intensive and rigorous efforts. However, most exercises comprise the association of these two processes. It is known that the participation rate (turnout) of these processes in gaining energy depends on the intensity and duration of the exercise. With this study, the contributions of the training performed by using the high-intensity interval training method as one of the training methods used by different researchers in different models and in different periods of time to sports sciences and fields of sports, and also their effects on the performance of human organism have been put forward.
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